随着人口增长导致的需求增加，以及全球变暖导致水资源减少，全球饮用水都面临着巨大的压力，尤其是在干旱和半干旱地区。如何更加高效便捷的获取饮用水已经成为重要的研究方向。
甲虫背部的隆起促使雾气形成水滴。随后水被导入甲虫的嘴里，使其能够在西南非洲干燥的荒野中生存。东南大学张友法、余新泉与同事们一道从沙漠甲虫凹凸不平的表面获取灵感，开发了水分收集的新技术。相关研究工作发表在 RSC Advances 上。这种从空气中凝结水的系统为世界上急需用水的干旱和半干旱地区提供了一种廉价而有效的饮用水获取途径。
论文信息
Beetle-like droplet-jumping superamphiphobic coatings for enhancing fog collection of sheet arrays
Xikui Wang, Jia Zeng, Xinquan Yu*(余新泉，东南大学), Caihua Liang and Youfa Zhang*(张友法，东南大学)
RSC Adv., 2020
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C9RA09329J
为了模拟甲虫的这种集水方法，研究人员向涂覆在铝板上的超疏水二氧化硅涂层中添加了由碳化硅颗粒制造一种混合材料。这样就形成了一个粗糙的表面，上面散布着相互作用的亲水区域和疏水区域，崔进了微小水滴的形成。
通过将两层合成材料紧密贴合，可提高其集水能力。值得注意的是，作用在最小液滴上的力使它们跳离表面并发生碰撞。这使得该系统从空气中吸水的效率是单层表面的两倍以上。
此外，与其它从空气中集水的方法相比，本文报道的系统更加易用和经济。
除了为新型集水装置的开发铺平道路，研究人员也期待发掘这一工作在海水淡化、换热和水质净化等领域的应用。
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Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany
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James Batteas
Texas A&M University, USA
Karen Faulds
University of Strathclyde, UK
Young-Shin Jun
Washington University in St Louis, USA
Tapas Kumar Maji
JNCASR, India
Manuel Minas da Piedade
University of Lisbon, Portugal
Heloise Oliveira Pastore
UNICAMP, Brazil
Norio Shibata
Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan
Stacey Wetmore
University of Lethbridge, Canada
Qingdong Zheng
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
郑庆东，中国科学院
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